A growing number of Americans are worried that higher taxes in the future will erode their income in retirement. Yet few people who express this concern are adjusting their financial plans to help meet the challenge.
That’s the conclusion of two recent surveys by financial services companies.
According to an Allianz Life study earlier this year, 70% of Americans are now concerned about the impact of taxes on their income once they stop working, up from 66% in 2025. Gen Xers, on the cusp of retirement at ages ranging from 46 to 61, are the most fearful, with nearly 80% of them sharing this concern.
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Yet, as a Nationwide Retirement Institute survey found, only 31% of investors who expect taxes to rise are taking steps to manage their finances accordingly.
“Taxes continue to be in flux, and finding the right strategy to help maximize your retirement income is definitely key,” says Kush Kotecha, president of Nationwide Annuity.
Although federal tax rates are currently at historically low levels, the massive budget debt and coming solvency problems for Social Security and Medicare have heightened fears that taxes will head up.
“We cannot continue like this,” says Kelly LaVigne, vice president of consumer insights for Allianz Life Insurance.
To minimize the bigger bite of income that higher taxes in retirement could take, experts suggest these steps:
Invest tax-efficiently.
Outside of tax-advantaged retirement accounts such as 401(k)s and IRAs, interest on U.S. government and corporate bonds and short-term capital gains (profits on the sale of assets held for a year or less) are taxed as ordinary income, with rates as steep as 37%.
But the top rate for long-term capital gains is only 20%, and the rate is 0% this year for taxable income below $49,450 for singles and $98,900 for married couples filing jointly.
Actively managed mutual funds tend to trade stocks often, causing their investors to owe short-term and long-term capital gains taxes, but index funds and exchange-traded funds make far fewer transactions, reducing their tax liabilities.
You can also seek out actively managed funds whose mission is to be tax-efficient, or you can put some money in municipal bonds and muni funds, which are generally exempt from federal taxes — and sometimes from state income taxes, too.
Consider a Roth conversion or a Roth IRA.
You’ll pay income taxes now on the amount you convert or invest, but you won’t owe taxes on withdrawals in retirement, when your liability could be higher if rates rise.
“Paying taxes ahead of time isn’t necessarily a bad thing,” says LaVigne.
Take RMDs on time.
That may hurt, but so will the penalty for failing to follow the rules: You’ll owe up to 25% of the amount you should have withdrawn.
A Vanguard study of clients 73 and older with traditional IRAs found that about 7% failed to take their RMDs in 2024, and 24% took out less than the required amount. More than half who miss RMDs in one year miss them the next year as well.
Be generous.
After age 70½, you can make a qualified charitable distribution, or QCD, from money in a traditional IRA — up to $111,000 in 2026.
That amount won’t be included in your adjusted gross income, so it won’t be subject to taxes. QCDs after age 73 can satisfy some or all of your RMD, too.
Stash cash in a HSA.
If you’re not yet on Medicare and have a high-deductible health insurance plan, consider contributing to a health savings account.
You’ll be able to lower your taxable income, the funds will grow tax-deferred, and withdrawals for medical expenses are tax-free. Says LaVigne, “An HSA is one of the best deals on the planet.”
Note: This item first appeared in Kiplinger Personal Finance Magazine, a monthly, trustworthy source of advice and guidance. Subscribe to help you make more money and keep more of the money you make here.
