As 2026 rolls on and families prepare for the upcoming school year, household budgets may face a tight squeeze.
Inflation continues to drive up everyday expenses like groceries, gas, and utilities. But for parents of young children, the most significant financial burden often comes from early childhood care.
The years from birth to age five are typically the most expensive. This is largely driven by center-based infant and preschool care, which contributes to an average annual cost of $29,325, according to a recent LendingTree study.
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However, local tax structures and regional economics may influence how much you pay.
In some tax-friendly states, the average annual price of full-time care drops closer to $18,000 — roughly 38% below the LendingTree average. Yet a lower childcare price tag doesn’t necessarily help if high sales taxes or the cost of living drag your budget back down.
To see how different regions balance these trade-offs, we analyzed ten low-tax states for middle-class families and ranked them by early childcare costs and cost-of-living indices.
Tax-friendly states ranked by childcare affordability
(Image credit: Getty Images)
To determine the baseline for “affordability,” we looked at how much families spend on state taxes as a percentage of their income (basing “middle-class” on the latest U.S. Census Bureau median household income data).
Next, center-based data from Child Care Aware® of America (CCAoA) was used to measure average annual early childcare costs for one child (ages 0 to 4) as a percentage of the median household income for a married couple.
The childcare cost calculations account for five key factors:
- Infant care pricing
- Toddler care pricing
- 4-year-old preschool pricing
- Before- and after-school care
- Summer programs
Kiplinger factored in the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) cost-of-living index, which uses regional price parities (RFPs) to measure local prices for essentials like housing, food, transportation, and healthcare. On this scale, 100 represents the national average; a score of 88 means a state is 12% cheaper than average, while 102 indicates it is 2% more expensive.
Property tax figures were sourced from PropertyShark.
Yet it’s important to note that family size, educational opportunities, and other factors can influence how “affordable” a state is, and “middle-class” may be subjective. Consult with a tax professional for your specific financial situation.
Note: Where before-and-after-care or summer program pricing data were unavailable, Kiplinger used a national average as a baseline.
1. South Dakota: Best overall value and lowest cost-of-living
Average annual childcare costs: $17,030
Childcare costs as a % of income: 14.2%
Cost-of-living index: 88.6
If you’re a parent and you hate paying taxes, South Dakota is the most affordable state on our list for middle-class families. Everyday expenses track about 11.4% below the national average, potentially saving new parents on must-haves like formula and baby clothes.
Total annual childcare costs average around $17,030 (well below the national average, according to LendingTree), helping keep the overall income-to-cost ratio manageable at 14.2%.
Middle-class family taxes to consider:
- There is no personal income tax in South Dakota, allowing families to take home more of their earnings.
- To compensate for this, the state relies heavily on property taxes, which hover right around or above the national average, per PropertyShark data.
- Additionally, the 4.2% state sales tax applies to both groceries and diapers — everyday essentials that many other states exempt.
The bottom line? South Dakota’s no-income-tax policy and low property taxes could help with your long-term family tax planning, but a large volume of goods for young children could offset some of your state tax savings.
2. Louisiana: Low cost of living and childcare costs
Average annual childcare costs: $18,252
Childcare costs as a % of income: 15.6%
Cost-of-living index: 88.2
Middle-class family taxes to consider:
- While considered a “tax-friendly” state for the middle-class family, Louisiana barely made our list, since its average combined sales tax is the highest in the nation at a whopping 10.11%.
- On the other hand, property taxes are among the lowest in the country, with a median bill of just $1,180 — significantly below the national average of $3,119.
- And the Bayou State has a low flat income tax of just 3% in 2026, among the lowest in the nation, according to the Tax Foundation.
The bottom line? If you don’t mind higher sales taxes for lower property tax bills, a potentially cheaper cost of living, and reduced childcare costs compared to other states, Louisiana could be the second “most affordable” state to live in.
3. North Dakota: Average taxes, but cheaper childcare affordability
Average annual childcare costs: $21,292
Childcare costs as a % of income: 16.2%
Cost-of-living index: 89
Middle-class family taxes to consider:
- Unlike its southern neighbor, North Dakota levies a state income tax, though it’s quite low, ranging from 1.95% to 2.5%.
- The state sales tax is a moderate 5%, and, importantly, groceries are state-tax exempt.
- Property taxes are also pretty average compared to the national median, according to PropertyShark data.
The bottom line? North Dakota’s financial landscape may represent a stable, “middle-of-the-road” path for middle-class families, with few tax “surprises” and potentially low early childcare costs.
4. Wyoming: Low cost of living balances the national average
Average annual childcare costs: $21,080
Childcare costs as a % of income: 17.5%
Cost-of-living index: 92.7
Early childhood care costs can be low for Wyoming families. Center-based infant care averages just $13,120 annually, and summer care programs typically run below $2,400, according to the CCAoA. Plus, the overall cost-of-living index sits 7.3% below the national average.
Middle-class family taxes to consider:
- Wyoming has no state income tax, which can provide relief for middle-class paychecks.
- Also, the state features very low property taxes, with a median property tax bill of just $1,767 (significantly below the national average of $3,411), according to PropertyShark.
- On the other hand, Wyoming still taxes diapers at its moderate 4% state sales tax rate.
The bottom line? Wyoming can provide significant tax relief, especially if you hate paying high state income taxes or property taxes; daily essential costs can also remain low, unless you venture into more rural areas.
5. Alaska: High local costs drag down cost-to-salary ratio
Average annual childcare costs: $20,178
Childcare costs as a % of income: 14.7%
Cost-of-living index: 102.4
But it ranks fifth overall because its remote geography significantly inflates the cost of daily necessities like food and heating utilities, pushing its overall cost of living above the national average.
Middle-class family taxes to consider:
- Alaska is another no-income-tax state, which means capital gains, salaries, and bonuses are exempt from state tax.
- The Last Frontier also levies no statewide sales tax, according to the Tax Foundation.
- However, because Alaska doesn’t collect income or sales tax, local and property taxes can vary widely by region.
The bottom line? For families who can navigate long winters and high retail prices, Alaska’s early childhood programs can be affordable depending on the area and household income level.
6. Florida: Moderate costs with a higher cost-of-living
Average annual childcare costs: $19,520
Childcare costs as a % of income: 16.9%
Cost-of-living index: 103.4
It might come as a surprise that Florida lands in the bottom half of the rankings on our list.
But the Sunshine State’s cost of living sits nearly 4% above the national average according to the BEA, driven up by rising costs in healthcare, food, and utilities. According to the CCAoA, childcare accounts for 16.9% of the median family income, providing some relief for middle-class budgets.
Middle-class family taxes to consider:
- All forms of personal income are state tax-free, which is one of the reasons people move to Florida.
- State officials are also looking to greatly reduce or even eliminate property taxes, though for now, the median bill is just below the national average, per PropertyShark.
- The statewide sales tax rate is relatively high, at 6%, yet diapers and groceries aren’t subject to state sales taxes.
The bottom line? While the cost of living on items like groceries, home insurance premiums, and healthcare is higher in Florida than in other places on our list, middle-class families may still find early childhood care affordable in less expensive areas.
7. Arizona: Higher cost of living, but low taxes on everything else
Average annual childcare costs: $21,909
Childcare costs as a % of income: 18%
Cost-of-living index: 100.7
Arizona’s placement reflects a combination of an above-average cost-of-living index and steep upfront childcare fees.
Per the CCAoA, middle-class families can expect to dedicate 18% of their annual income to early childhood care, which is only 2% below the national average. Center-based programs for infants and toddlers are more costly than other states so far, averaging $16,384 and $13,742 per year, respectively.
Middle-class family taxes to consider:
- Arizona has a flat income tax rate of 2.5%, making personal individual returns perhaps a little simpler for families.
- Plus, the Grand Canyon State has some of the lowest property taxes in the nation, with a median bill of only $1,879 — 55% below the national average, according to PropertyShark.
- At the same time, the state’s 5.6% sales tax is relatively average; Arizona still taxes diapers.
The bottom line? Despite a higher cost of living, Arizona could be an affordable option for parents with slightly higher incomes who want lower property tax bills. But the overall financial and tax environment requires careful cash-flow management for growing families.
8. Tennessee: Low childcare costs except in the summer
Average annual childcare costs: $23,371
Childcare costs as a % of income: 20.8%
Cost-of-living index: 91.9
Despite boasting a relatively low cost-of-living index that is 8.1% below the national average, Tennessee ranks low on our list due to the state’s shortage of licensed childcare facilities. Because of this, summer childcare costs alone can reach over $8,000, pushing total annual care to nearly 21% of a family’s household income, per CCAoA data.
Middle-class family taxes to consider:
- Tennessee has no state income tax, meaning your wages, salaries, and tips are state tax-free.
- Property taxes are also among the lowest in the U.S., with a median bill of around $1,442, according to 2026 PropertyShark data.
- High sales taxes are the norm in the Volunteer State. At 7%, Tennessee’s base rate is the second-highest in the nation and applies to diapers. Groceries are also taxed, although at a lower rate of 4%.
The bottom line? Tennessee’s lower cost of living offers potential savings on most everyday expenses. However, middle-class families with young children should factor in the higher sales tax rates and elevated summertime care costs into their annual budgets.
9. Nevada: Middle ground cost of living, with higher childcare costs
Average annual childcare costs: $24,102
Childcare costs as a % of income: 21.1%
Cost-of-living index: 100
Middle-class family taxes to consider:
- Like many other states on this list, Nevada has no state income tax, helping middle-class families keep their entire paycheck (at least from a state tax perspective).
- Per PropertyShark data, property taxes are also low, with a median bill of about $2,027.
- Sales taxes are a bit higher, around 6.85%, though Nevada doesn’t tax groceries or diapers at the state level.
The bottom line? Nevada families enjoy zero state income tax and highly reasonable property taxes, which offer some relief, but the high cost of childcare means that while families keep their full paychecks, a substantial portion is immediately redirected to local care facilities.
10. Washington: Least affordable, high cost of living
Average annual childcare costs: $28,436
Childcare costs as a % of income: 19%
Cost-of-living index: 107
While high median incomes keep the childcare-to-salary ratio at 19%, the annual average childcare cost of $28,436 makes it the most expensive baseline care price on the list, according to the CCAoA.
Middle-class family taxes to consider:
- Though there is no personal state income tax, Washington imposes a 7% to 9.9% tax on long-term capital gains over $262,000.
- The Evergreen State also has a high sales tax, ranking among the highest in the nation.
- Property taxes, too, are expensive, with a median bill above the national average at $4,556, according to PropertyShark data.
The bottom line? Although childcare costs are comparable to a couple of other states on this list, property taxes, an elevated cost of living, and high sales taxes create significant financial hurdles for middle-class families.
