Investor Activity Is Muted, With Home Purchases Up 1% and Market Share Holding Steady

• U.S. investor activity was sluggish in the third quarter, with investor home purchases up 1% from a year earlier and market share rising marginally. 
• Investor purchases are fairly flat because it’s harder to make a profit as a flipper or a landlord than it used to be; the share of investor-owned homes selling at a loss is sitting at its highest level in 2 years. But some investors are still making moves, taking advantage of slow competition. 
• Investor purchases of condos are down just slightly year over year, but they’re still sitting near a decade-low. 
• Investors are pulling back most from Las Vegas and Florida.

U.S. investor home purchases ticked up 1% year over year in the third quarter, coming in at a total of roughly 52,000. 

This is based on a Redfin analysis of county-level home purchase records across 38 of the most populous U.S. metropolitan areas going back through 2000. We define an investor as any institution or business that purchases residential real estate, meaning this report covers both institutional and mom-and-pop investors. Please see the end of this report for a more detailed methodology. 

Investor activity has flattened for the same reason the housing market as a whole is stagnant: Today’s market conditions are essentially the opposite of those that fueled the pandemic investment boom, and the current environment means many buyers are priced out of the market. Investors face additional roadblocks, including less potential to make a profit by flipping or renting out a property. 

“Investor activity is stuck in neutral because profits are harder to come by, more homes are selling at a loss, and the rental market has softened,” said Sheharyar Bokhari, a senior economist at Redfin. “Investors aren’t completely retreating, but they’re not driving the housing market forward.” 

Investors Purchase 17% of All Homes, Up Slightly From a Year Ago

Real estate investors purchased 17% of U.S. homes that sold in the third quarter, up marginally from 16% a year earlier. 

The mostly unchanged investor market share signals that the sluggishness of investor activity mirrors that of the larger homebuying market. In fact, overall existing U.S. home sales are posting roughly the same modest increase as investor purchases.  

There are several forces converging to keep the investor market flat:

• The math isn’t mathing. Still-high home prices and elevated mortgage rates mean both flippers and landlords are paying more upfront while earning smaller yields. Even all-cash investors are facing a tough equation, because investors often take out other types of loans. 

• Stagnant profits. Nationwide, 8% of homes investors offloaded in the third quarter sold at a loss–up from 6.5% a year earlier and the highest level in more than two years. The typical investor earned $182,688 in capital gains via selling a home, down roughly 1% year over year. Compare that to late 2020 and early 2021, when investor capital gains were posting double-digit increases. 

• Home values have started to normalize. Investors aren’t expecting the double-digit appreciation common during the pandemic homebuying boom. With home values flattening in many markets–and falling in some–speculative buying has less upside.

• Rent growth has cooled, and vacancies are rising. That makes rental properties less attractive, especially for landlords hoping to earn money instantly. The short-term rental market has cooled in some areas, too, due to tightened regulations. 

• Economic uncertainty tips the scales toward staying on the sidelines. Economic uncertainty, including tariffs, geopolitical volatility, and a weakening labor market, makes investors cautious–both because they’re holding tight to their own pocketbooks, and they’re concerned about less homebuying and renting demand. 

But it’s important to emphasize that while investor purchases are sluggish, they aren’t falling. There are a few reasons for that. One, there’s a base effect: Last year, investor purchases were sitting at an eight-year low; there wasn’t much room for them to fall. Two, long-term investors who plan to hold assets for a long time are less deterred by high prices and rates because they’re betting home values and rents will rise. And three, some investors are more likely to buy up properties when the market is slow because there’s less competition and they may find deals. 

Investor Purchases of Condos Are Down Slightly

 Investors bought 1% more single-family homes than a year earlier, while they purchased 1% fewer condos and 4% fewer townhouses. 

It’s worth noting that investor purchases of condos have been sitting around a decade-low for the last two years, and they continue to do so; the small year-over-year decline understates how few condos investors are buying. 

Condos aren’t as attractive to investors as they used to be for several reasons: Many condo buildings are seeing surges in HOA fees and special assessments, condos are an increasingly risky investment–especially in places like Florida and Texas where they’re vulnerable to climate disasters–and condos values are falling in some parts of the country. Additionally, many investors buy condos to rent them out, and slowing rent growth, rising vacancies and HOA-driven rental restrictions are making becoming a landlord less attractive than it used to be.

Redfin agents say rising HOA fees are making it especially difficult for investors to justify buying a condo as an investment property; the extra monthly fees often mean the math doesn’t work out in the investor’s favor. 

Investors Are Buying More High-Priced Homes, Fewer Mid-Priced Homes

Breaking investor purchases down by price also paints a fairly stagnant picture. Purchases of high-priced homes rose 3% from a year earlier and purchases of low-priced homes increased 1%. Investors bought 3% fewer mid-priced homes. 

Investors Activity Is Falling Most in Las Vegas and Florida, and Rising Most on the West Coast

In Las Vegas, investor purchases fell 20% year over year in the third quarter–the biggest decline among the metros in this analysis.

The next-biggest declines were all in Florida: Investor purchases fell 18% in Orlando, 14% in Miami, and 14% in Fort Lauderdale. Investors have been retreating from Florida for years because the Sunshine State’s housing market has been suffering from dropping prices, high inventory, surging HOA fees and rising insurance costs. 

On the flip side, investor purchases rose most on the West Coast, led by Seattle (37%) and San Francisco (29%). Next come Milwaukee (28%), Newark, NJ (28%) and Portland, OR (28%). 

Methodology

For this analysis, we looked at county sale records for homes purchased from January 2000 through September 2025. We define an investor as any buyer whose name includes at least one of the following keywords: LLC, Inc, Trust, Corp, Homes. We also define an investor as any buyer whose ownership code on a purchasing deed includes at least one of the following keywords: association, corporate trustee, company, joint venture, corporate trust. This data may include purchases made through family trusts for personal use.

We analyzed home sales in the 50 most populous metro areas, but only included 39 metros in this report due to non-disclosure of sale prices in some counties. The national figures in this report represent an aggregation of those 39 metros. 

When we refer to a “record,” the record dates back to the first quarter of 2000. Data is subject to revision.